Why Trump Struggles To Fast-Track A Trade Deal With India

Despite repeated promises of a “historic” trade breakthrough, former U.S. President Donald Trump continues to face obstacles in securing a comprehensive trade deal with India. Analysts say the challenge lies not just in political tensions, but in India’s complex economic landscape and its cautious approach to foreign negotiations.

Trump, known for his aggressive trade tactics, has sought to strengthen U.S. trade dominance by pushing countries to accept tougher terms. However, India—the world’s fifth-largest economy—has proven to be a far tougher negotiator than expected. Often referred to as the “sleeping elephant” of global trade, India has moved slowly but strategically, prioritizing its domestic industries and long-term economic independence.

Sources familiar with the talks say discussions have stalled over key issues, including tariff reductions, agricultural imports, and digital trade regulations. The U.S. wants greater access for American products such as medical equipment, agricultural goods, and energy exports. Meanwhile, India seeks broader visa access for skilled workers and fewer restrictions on technology transfers.

The Trump administration’s emphasis on “America First” policies has also complicated matters. While Trump argues that such policies protect American jobs, India views them as restrictive and potentially harmful to its export-driven sectors. Diplomatic experts say that this clash of interests makes compromise difficult.

Adding to the challenge, India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi has focused on building domestic resilience under the “Make in India” campaign, which encourages local manufacturing and limits foreign dependence. This policy directly conflicts with Trump’s demand for greater U.S. market access.

Economists note that while both sides recognize the potential benefits of a trade deal, neither wants to appear as conceding too much. India’s government, in particular, remains sensitive to public opinion and wary of being seen as bowing to foreign pressure.

Trump’s earlier trade wars—with China, the European Union, and even close allies—have also made countries more cautious in negotiations. India is unlikely to rush into a deal without clear guarantees and fair terms.

Experts say that building trust will take time. “India is not a country that can be pressured into quick deals,” said international relations analyst Dr. Priya Nair. “Any trade agreement with India must be built on mutual respect and long-term vision, not political headlines.”

Still, the potential for cooperation remains strong. The U.S. and India share deepening ties in defense, technology, and energy. Analysts believe a phased trade agreement—focusing on select sectors first—could be the most practical path forward.

For now, Trump’s efforts to push for an immediate trade win appear unlikely to succeed. The Indian elephant, steady and cautious, is charting its own course in the global economy—one that will not be hurried by external pressure.